Bituminous bonding agents



BITUMINOUS BONDING AGENTS Clarence F. Huber, Mount Healthy, and Paul F. Thompson, Deer Park, Ohio, assignors to The Cincinnati Millilgoltl ll achine Compan Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation 1o 1 N0 Drawing. Application March 15, 1955 Serial No. 494,568 a 11 'Claims. (Cl. 260-404.5)

This invention relates to bituminous compositions of the type that are mixed with mineral aggregates in the construction "of asphalt pavements. More particularly the invention relates to a novel group of bonding agents which are adapted to be incorporated in such bituminous compositions andwhen so incorporated not only improve the bonding efiectiveness of the bituminous composition but also exhibit improved thermal stability as compared with the bonding agents previously used. 3

It is known in the art of manufacturing bituminous compositions that the coating and bonding qualities of such compositions when mixed with mineral aggregates in the construction of asphalt pavements can belimproved by addition thereto of certain chemical agents. -The use of these agents has made it possible to use wet aggregates in preparing paving mixtures, thus making it unnecessary to have dryaggregates available and delays in road construction. Also the incorporation of such bonding agents in bituminous paving compositions has made it possible to use hydrophilic aggregates which could not be otherwise used. Moreover theuse of these chemical bonding agentshas brought about animprovement in the structural stability of the finishedmbituminous pavement by decreasingthe tendency of the aggregate and bitumen to separate when exposed to water. Thus. these agents have been useful asphalt road construction and improving the length of service of the finished pavement. However, in general these previously proposed bonding agents have been subject to the deficiency that they do not remain stable atelevated temperatures. In many instances it is common practice to store bituminous compositions after they have been prepared in tanks at an elevated temperature ofsay 250 400 F. and maintain it in a fluid state so that the composition can be readily removed without the re-heating that would be necessary if the compositionqwere allowed to cool and solidify. The period of storage may be as long as 14 days. In other cases quantities of asphalt or light bitumen are heated as high as 400f500 F. atthe time of shipment so that the temperature upon arrival; at the point of destination will have dropped, to about 30Q.....-350;F., which is the desirable temperature required for proper application in preparing the paving mixture.

In general the previously proposed bonding agents are incapable of withstanding suchelevated temperatures; when subjectedto such temperatures they rapidly lose their eifectivene ss andbecome of little value as bonding agents. Accordingly. itis an object of the present invention toprovide a jn ovel groupof compounds which are adapted to be incorporated in bituminous paving compoa sitions to improve the coating propertiesof the compo sition for wet aggregates and which retain their bonding eifectiveness when subjected. tures encountered duringthestorage and handling of asphalt compositions.

In accordance with the objective is achieved by incorporating ifibituminous com quality and eliminating in improving the method of u to p the elevated tempera present invention the foregoing 7 Ci7Hss QNH HaC a Ha s) is derived from an 2,875,219 Patented Feb. 24,

wherein RC0 is an acyl group derivedfrom an organic acid having from l020. carbon atoms, A is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 2-6 carbon atoms, and.

R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1-10' carbon atoms. In this formula the two A groups may have diiferent numbers of carbon atoms.

(2) Di-amides having the general formula:

ROONHA/- l wherein RC0 is an acyl group derivedjfrom an organic acid having from 2 2O carbon atoms and A and R have the same definition as in Formula 1. 'In this formula the two RCO groups may bediflferent and at least one RCO group should be derived from acid containing 10-20 car bonatoms. s s

(3) A di-amide-mono-salthaving the general.

formula as in Formula 1;theRCQ group of thesalt -f ormingacid.

and at least one of the other RCQ ,groups is derivedi from an acid having 1020 carbonatoms; and the seve'ral RCO groups may be derived from difierent' having 10-20 carbon atoms; A and R'- are defined'as in Formula 1; and the two RCO groupsm'ay be different.

forming group. and at least one of the other R CQ atoms; and the several RCO groups maybe dilfere Typical compounds that come withinthe scope" ance with the present invention are acids. t (4) A mono-amide-mono-salt having the general foracid containing from. 10%20 carbon 'of the foregoing general formulae' 'and arefus'efull'inactiot'd 9 i l a named N,N-bis(3-oleoylaminopropyl) N methylamine;

named N,N bis(3-lauroylaminopropyl) -N-methylamine; H CONHCH CH CH N-(CH I Y CH CH CH NHCOC H named N,N bis(3 palmitoylaminopropyl) N methylamine;

C H CONHCH CH CH -N (CH CH CH CH CH CH CH NHCOC H named N,N-bis(3-oleoylaminopropyl) N butylamine; C H CONHCH CH N(CH CH CH CH CH NHCOC H named N (2-linoleoylaminoethyl)-N-(3-linoleoylaminopropyl -N-ethylamine; C H CONHCH CH N(CH CH(CH )CH NHCOC H named N-(Z-palmitoylaminoethyl)-N-(2-palmitoylaminoisopropyl)-N-methylamine; 1'z 3a 2) 6 'N(CH3) 2) 6NHCOC17H33 named N,N-bis(6-oleoylaminohexyl) N methylamine; C17H33CONHCH2CH2CH2N(CH3)- CH CH CH NHCOC H named N (3-butyrylarninopropyl) -N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl) -N-methylamine; C H CONHCH CH CH -N(CH CH CH CI-I NHCOCH named N (S-acetamidopropyl)-N-(3-1inoleoylaminopropyl)-N-methylamine; C H CONHCH CH CH -N(CH CH CH CH NH named N (S-aminopropyl)-N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl)-N- methylamine;

named linoleic acid salt of N,N-bis(3-oleoylaminopropyl)-N-methylamine; C cgcoNHcmcmcH cH, 1

I I r CH CH CH NHCOC H RCOOH named rosin acid salt of N,N-bis(3-lauroylaminopropyl)- N-methylamine; C17H31C0NHCH2CH2CH3-N(CH2CH3)- CH CH CH NHCOOH .C H COOH named oleic acid salt of N-(3-acetamidopropyl)-N-(3- linoleoylaminopropyl) -N-ethylamine; C H gCoNHCH cH CH -N(CH i CHzCHgCHzNHz-CmH COOH named palmitic acid salt of N-(3-aminopropyD-N-(3- oleoylaminopropyl) -N-methylamine; C H CONHCH CI-I CH -N(CH Cl-I CH CH NH .C H COOHC H COOH named mixed vstearic and linoleic acid salt of N-(3-aminopropyl) -N -(3-.oleoy1aminopropy1) -N-methylamine.

ldpreparingthe amides and amide salts of the present invention, o ganic acids are reacted with di (aminoalkyl). ,allcylamines. Representative amines of this class that "may ,be used are: i

named N,N-bis(3-aminopropy1)-N-methylamine;

named N,N-bis (3-aminopropyl) -N-butylamine;

H N-CH CH -N(CH CH )-CH CH CH -NH named N-(Z-aminoethyl) N (3-aminopropyl)-N-ethylamine;

named N-(Z-aminoethyl) -N-(2-aminoisopropyl) -N-methylamine;

named N,N-bis-(6-aminohexyl)-N-methylamine.

As pointed out above, the acyl group of the salt-forming acid and at least one of the amide-forming acyl groups should be derived from an organic acid having 10-20 carbon atoms and representative acids of this group that maybe used are: oleic, linoleic, linolenic, lauric, palmitic, stearic, rosin acid, abietic acids, naphthenic acids, tall oil acids, or any acids derived from tall oils as well as mixtures of the foregoing acids. In cases where the present compounds contain more than one amide-forming acyl group, including at least one acyl group derived from an acid having 10-20 carbon atoms, the other acyl groups of the compound may be derived from acids containing fewer than 10 carbon atoms. Representative acids of this group are; acetic, butyric, Z-ethyl-hexanoic, 'hexoic, caprylic, caproic, toluic, benzoic and Z-ethyI-butyric acids.

In preparing the amide-amines of the present invention a (aminoalkyl) alkylamine is mixed with a suitable organic acid, acyl halide, acid anhydride or ester and heated at -200" C. with agitation. The reaction with an organic acid may be considered as taking place in two stages; upon mixing, the amine salt of the organic acid is formed and during the heating process the salt is de-hydrated with the elimination of 1 mp1 of water for each amide group. The methods of making compounds of the type represented by Formulae 1-5 are indicated below.

To make the compounds of Formula 1 equimolar quantities of acid and amine are mixed to form an amine salt which is heated to convert the amine salt to an amide according to the following equations:

The compounds of Formulae 2 and 3 may be prepared in the same way as Formula 1 except that two and three mols of acid respectively per mol of amine are used.

In preparing the compounds of Formu1a4 equimolar quantities of acid and amine are mixed and heated to form an amide and thena second mol of acid is mixed with the amide to form thesalt. I

RcoouNH -A-M-R' A-Nm- RCO-NHA -N(R) A NH +RCOQH RCO-INH. -N(R).(R COOH )A-NH The compounds of Formula 5 can be made by mixing three mols of acid with the amine and heating only to the extent necessary. to remove one mol of water. NH AN(R') -A-NH +3RCOOH RCOOH.NH --A-N(R'.HOOCR)-A- l NH,.HOOCR It will be evidentthat in the case of compounds of Formulae 2 and 3, the compounds can addition of onemol of acid at a time. Also wherethe several acyl groups of the compounds are derived from different acids, stepwise amidation should be used.

In order to point out more fully the ent invention the following specific examples 'are given of illustrative methods of making certain of the present compounds:

Example I Two mols of oleic acid were mixed -with. onemol of Example 11 l be prepared by the nature of the presreacted 1 molslofoleic acid with one mol of the.

A mixture of onemol of N,N- bis(3-aminopropyl)-N- ethylamine and two moles of oleic acid .was heated to 150 C. with agitation. The mixture was agitated "at 150 C. for six hours, during which time approximately two mols of .water was removed by distillation. The resulting product, mainly N,N-bis(3 oleoylaminopropyl)- N-ethyl'amin e, was thermally stable in asphalt and was an effective bonding agent. 1 r

.Example 111 f Twomols of palmitic acid were reacted with onemol ofN,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)-N-ethyl-amine as in Example.

II. The product was mixed with one mol of oleic acid;

The resulting oleic acid ,salt. of N,N-bis(3-palmitoylamino)-N-ethyl-amine was thermallyqstable in asphalt and was anetfective bonding agent. "1 3 Example IV amine was added 1 mol of oleyl chloride, dropwis, with good agitation. The precipitate. of hydrochlorides was removed by filtration. The resultingfiltrate wasbevaporated in vacuum, leaving a residue of N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-methyl-amine. The product was thermally stable in asphalt and was an effective bonding agent.

Example V One mol of oleic acid was mixed at room temperature with one mol of N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-methyl-amine, which was prepared according to Example IV. The resulting oleic acid salt of the amidoamine was an effective agent for bonding asphalt to wet aggregate and was thermally stable in asphalt.

Example VI One mol of linoleic acid was mixed with one mol of the compound prepared as in Example V. The product asphalt and was perature to form the oleic acid salt of was a mixture otthe oleic and linoleic acid salts of N- (3 oleoylaminopropyl) N-(3-aminopropyl)-N methylamine and was an eflective agent for bonding asphalt to wet aggregate, and the agent was thermally stable in asphalt. W

Example VII One .mol l of N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl) -N-'(3-aminopropyl)-N-methyl-amine, which was prepared according to Example IV, was. added slowly to a solution of one mol of acetic anhydride in three mols of dry benzene at 50 C. The resulting solution was evaporated in vacuum, leaving a residue of N-(3-acetamidoproyl)-N-(3- oleoylaminopropyl)-N-methyl-amine. This product was thermallystable in asphalt and was an elfective bonding agent.

Example VIII One mol of N (3-acetamidopropyl)-N-(3-oleoylarninoprQpyD-N-methyI-amine, prepared according to Example VII, was mixedwith one mol of oleic acid at room temthe amine. The product was thermally stable in asphalt and was an effective bonding agent.

wE xample IX Two moles of methyl oleate was mixed with one mol of N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)-N butyl-amine, and the mixture was stirred and he'ated under reflux at 150 C. for four hours. The material wasthen distilled at a stillpot temperature of 150f C., until approximately two mols of methanol had been product, N,Nf-bis(2-oleoylaminoethyl) -N-bu1tyl-amine, was thermally stable in asphalt and was an elfective bonding agent.

Example X Onccmol of 'material prepared as in Example IV was mixed with 2 mols of palmitic acid and heated to150" C. for six hours. The resulting palmitic acid salt of N-(3- oleoylaminopropyl) N (3-palmitoylaminopropyl)-N- methyl-amine was thermally stable in asphalt and was an effective agent for bonding asphalt to wet aggregate.

Example XI A mixture of two mols of palmitic acid and one mol of N-(6-aminohexyl)-N-(Z-aininoisopropyl)-N-methylamine washeated at.150 .C. for six hours. Approximately two mols of water was removed by distillation during this time. The product was mainly N- 6- palmitoylaminohexyl)- N- (2i Q palmitoylaminoisopropyl)- N -m ethyl-amine. Theproduct was thermally stable in an effective agent for bonding asphalt to wet aggregate. l H

It has been found that foregoing compounds, usually 0.1 to 5% by weight, are incorporated in asphaltuthey confer on the asphalt the ability to effectively coat wet aggregates and the improved coating and bonding properties of the asphalt are retained even when it'is maintained at elevated temperatures forextended periods of time. In fact it has been found that the elfectiveness of thepresent compounds is sometimes enhanced by heating in asphalt, possibly due to the fact that compounds such as those represented by Formulae 1, 2 and 4 are capable of reacting with further quantities of acid and may react with the naphthenic acids present in the asphalt.

It is of course to be understood that the foregoing examples are illustrative only and that numerous amidoamines and salts other than those specifically referred to fall Within the scope of the general formulae given above and can be incorporated in asphalt to achieve the advantages outlined at the beginning of the present specification.

We claim: 1. Compounds adapted to beincorporated in bitu removed by distillation. The residual when suitable quantities of the thereof, said compounds being.amidesof N; N-'-di (amino.

alkyD-N-alkyl: amines and salts of suchamides, the being' organic" acids having from? 2 to 20 carbon atoms and thesalt-forming" acids, 'if' amide forming" acids hydrocarbon group containing 110carb0n atoms.

3. Compounds adapted to be incorporated in bituminous compositions to improve-the coating properties thereof and having the general formula: v

wherein RC is an acyl gr'oup"de'rived from an'ojrganic two 'RCO g rdupfs' the RC0" roups is derived from anorganic acid having 20.carbon atoms; A is an aliphatic hydrocarbon groupcontainin'g 2-6 carbon atoms and the two A groups may be'difire'ntij, and R" is an aliphatic hydrocarboii'radicalcontaining acid having 2 to'20 carbon atoms, the may be different, and at leastone of 1-1() carbon atoms. V-

4. Compounds adapted to"be" incorporated in bituminous compositions to thereof and havingthe general formula RCONH'A /N-R.HO-OCR RCO-NH-A' wherein RC0 is an acyl radical-derived from an organic acid having 2-20 carbon atoms, the three RCO groups may be different, and theRCO grou'p of the. salt-forming acid and at least one of the amide-forming RCO groups contains 10-20 carbon atoms; A'is analiphatic hydro'-" carbon radical containing 2-6 carbon atoms andfthe'two A groups may be diiferennandRis an aliphatic. hydro carbon radical containing from 1-10 carbon atoms."

5. Compounds adapted to be incorporated' i nbituminous compositions to improve the coating "properties thereof and having the general formula:

may be different; A is an aliphatichydrocarbon radical improve the coating' properties containing 2-6 carbonfatoins andthetwo A group's mav'bedinerm; andR' is'an' aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing;1-'10vcarbon* atoms.

'6v Compounds adapted to be incorporated in bituminous compositions twimprove the coating i properties thereof and havingtthe general formula:

RC o-NH-A N -R .H O-O C R R O O.O H.H2NA wherein RC0 is an acyl radicalderived from an organic acid liaving 2-20 carbon' atoms, the three RCO groups maybe different; and the RC0 group ofthe amide-forming-group, and-atleast oneofthe two RCO groups ofthe: salt-forming acid-.1v contains 10-20 carbon atoms; A isanaliphatic. hydrocarbon radical containing 2-6-carbon atoms-and the two-A groups-maybe diflerent; andR isan aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 1-10 carbonatoms.

7. A-compo un d: adapted to be incorporated in bituminous'compositions toirnprove the coating propertiesthereof, said compound being.N,N-bis(3-oleoylamino propyl) -N-ethyl-.amine.

8. Acompound'adapted to be incorporated in bituiriinoils womposition's to improve the'coating properties thereof; said compound being N-(3-oleoylaminopropyl)- N-( !-'aminopropyl)-N-methyl-arnine;

93 A compound adapted to'beincorporated in bituminous compositionsto improve the coating properties thereof, said" compound being the oleic acid salt of N- (3 oleoylaminopropyl) "-N- 3-aminopropyl) N methylamine;

10: Acor'npound 'adapted'to be incorporated in bitu rri inou's compositionstojrnprove the coating properties. thereof; said compound being N (3 acetarnidopropy1)-N- (3-oleoylaminopropyl -N-methyl-amine.

11. A compound adapted" tobe incorporated in bituminous compositions to improve the coating, properties thereof, said compound being N ,N-bis(2-oleoylamino ethyl-N-butyl amine. 7

References Cited in-the file of this patent a UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,407,703 Kaplan Sept; 17, 194 2,419,404 Johnson Apr. 22, 1947 2,426,220 Johnson Aug. 26, 1947 2,438,318: Johnson Mar. 23,1948 2,489;4.73 .Zerner Nov. 29, 1949 2 ,514,954" Johnson Julyll, 1950 2,538,929 Zinzalianen-Jan. 23, 1951 2,540,678 Kelley Feb. 6; 1951 2,614,980 Lytle 2. Oct.21, 1952 2,663,648 Jelling Dec. 22, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 917,517 France Jan. 9, 1947 91'7,51.8"- France ..1 Jan. 9, 1947. France "a 2.2 Jan, 11, 1951 

1. COMPOUNDS ADAPTED TO BE INCORPORATED IN BITUMINOUS COMPOSITIONS TO IMPROVE THE COATING PROPERTIES THEREOF, SAID COMPOUNDS BEING AMIDES OF N,N-DI(AMINOALKYL-N-ALKYL) AMINES AND SALTS OF SUCH AMIDES, THE AMIDE-FORMING ACIDS BEING ORGANIC ACIDS HAVING FROM 2 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS AND THE SALT-FORMING ACIDS, IF PRESENT, AND AT LEAST ONE OF THE AMIDE-FORMING ACIDS ACIDS HAVING FROM 10 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS. 